Ha'apai Group

Wikidata ID: Q612098

Lithology and Age: None ( Chorlton (2007) )       Macrostrat Geological Map Link

Geonames ID: 4032636       Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names ID: None

Mindat Loc ID: 418807


Volcanoes:

Tofua: Andesite / Basaltic Andesite, Caldera type, Caldera.

Kao: Andesite / Basaltic Andesite, Composite type, Stratovolcano.

brown pot Site has a full slide image.

brown pot Site has an image.

brown pot No images for this site.

Note that to see the 'Geology' layer (layer options in top right corner) you may have to zoom out.

Many fabrics have a range of abundances. The range maximum (top) and minimum (bottom) are shown.

** Has full slide image available.

None (0) Minor (1) Few (2) Common (3) Frequent (4) Major (5) Very Dominant (6)
0% 0-5% 5-15% 15-30 % 30-50% 50-70% 70-100%

Name Cal. QuartzFeldspar Pyroxene Amphibole Opaques OlivineBiotite Muscovite Epidote Garnet/ SpinelIg./Met. Rocks Sed. Rocks Grog Lithics/ Region
tpr426 ** 3 1 2 6 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 na
Haapi placer 0 0 1 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Tonga
tpr427 1 0 1 3 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 na
Haapi opaque 1 0 1 3 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Tonga
tpr428 ** 0 1 3 5 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 na
Pukatoalo pyroxenic 0 1 3 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 Tonga
tpr171 ** 0 5 4 2 2 1 0 1 0 1 0 3 2 0 microphaneritic, felsitic, microlitic, siltstone, tectonite, chert
Rewa Delta orogen 0 3 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 Fiji
tpr429 ** 0 0 3 5 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 na
Lifuka pyroxenic 0 0 3 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 Tonga
tpr430 ** 4 1 4 3 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 na
Lifuka partially pyroxenic 0 0 3 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 Tonga
tpr431 ** 2 0 3 3 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 na
Lifuka lithic 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 Tonga
tpr434 ** 3 1 3 4 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 lathwork, microlitic, felsitic, vitric
Tungua lithic 0 0 3 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 Tonga
tpr432 ** 3 1 2 6 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 vitric, felsitic, microlitic
Tungua pyroxenic 0 0 2 6 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Tonga
tpr364 ** 0 0 2 6 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 lathwork
Kedekeke pyroxenic 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Fiji
tpr426a 1 0 1 1 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 na
Exotic Nomuka opaque 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 Tonga
tpr431a 0 0 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 vitric
Exotic Nomuka lithic 0 0 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 Tonga
tpr433 3 1 3 5 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 felsitic, microlitic, vitric
Tungua partially pyroxenic 3 0 3 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 Tonga

Slides:

Slide Fabric Possible OriginWareCal. QuartzFeldspar Pyroxene Amphibole Opaques OlivineBiotite Muscovite Epidote Garnet/ Spinel Ig./Met. Rocks Sed. Rocks Grog Lithics
WD_73_1 tpr426 (Haapi placer) Ha'api Tonga Eastern Lapita (2800 - 2600 BP) 2 0 1 6 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 microlitic, vitric
WD_73_2 tpr426 (Haapi placer) Ha'apai Tonga Eastern Lapita (2800 - 2600 BP) 1 1 2 5 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 microlitic, vitric
WD_73_3 tpr426 (Haapi placer) Ha'api Tonga Eastern Lapita (2800 - 2600 BP) 2 0 1 6 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 microlitic, vitric
WD_73_4 tpr426 (Haapi placer) Ha'apai Tonga Eastern Lapita (2800 - 2600 BP) 3 0 2 6 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 microlitic, vitric
WD_73_6 tpr426 (Haapi placer) Ha'apai Tonga Eastern Lapita (2800 - 2600 BP) 2 0 1 6 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 microlitic, vitric
WD_73_5 tpr427 (Haapi opaque) Ha'apai 1 0 1 3 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 microlitic, vitric
WD_73_9 tpr428 (Pukatoalo pyroxenic) Ha'ano Tonga Eastern Lapita (2800 - 2600 BP) 0 1 3 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 microlitic, vitric
WD_73_10 tpr428 (Pukatoalo pyroxenic) Ha'ano Tonga Eastern Lapita (2800 - 2600 BP) 0 1 3 5 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 microlitic, vitric
WD_73_17 tpr430 (Lifuka partially pyroxenic) Lifuka Tonga Polynesian Plainware (2600 - 1700 BP) 4 0 3 3 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 microlitic, vitric
WD_73_18 tpr429 (Lifuka pyroxenic) Lifuka Tonga Polynesian Plainware (2600 - 1700 BP) 0 0 3 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 microlitic, vitric
WD_73_19 tpr430 (Lifuka partially pyroxenic) Lifuka Tonga Polynesian Plainware (2600 - 1700 BP) 0 0 4 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 microlitic, vitric
WD_73_20 tpr430 (Lifuka partially pyroxenic) Lifuka Tonga Polynesian Plainware (2600 - 1700 BP) 0 0 3 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 microlitic, vitric
WD_73_21 tpr431 (Lifuka lithic) Lifuka 2 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 microlitic, vitric
WD_73_22 tpr429 (Lifuka pyroxenic) Lifuka Tonga Polynesian Plainware (2600 - 1700 BP) 0 0 3 5 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 microlitic, vitric
WD_73_23 tpr429 (Lifuka pyroxenic) Lifuka Tonga Polynesian Plainware (2600 - 1700 BP) 0 0 3 4 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 microlitic, vitric
WD_73_24 tpr431 (Lifuka lithic) Lifuka 0 0 3 3 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 microlitic, vitric
WD_73_25 tpr430 (Lifuka partially pyroxenic) Lifuka Tonga Polynesian Plainware (2600 - 1700 BP) 0 0 3 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 microlitic, vitric
WD_69_40 tpr430 (Lifuka partially pyroxenic) Lifuka 4 0 3 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 microlitic, vitric
WD_73_7 tpr426 (Haapi placer) Ha'apai Tonga Early Eastern Lapita (2900 - 2800 BP) 0 1 2 6 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 microlitic, vitric
WD_73_8 tpr426 (Haapi placer) Ha'apai Tonga Early Eastern Lapita (2900 - 2800 BP) 2 0 1 6 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 microlitic, vitric
WD_69_39 tpr434 (Tungua lithic) Ha'apai 0 0 4 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 vitric, microlitic
WD_69_43 tpr432 (Tungua pyroxenic) Ha'apai 0 0 2 6 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 vitric, microlitic
WD_73_11 tpr434 (Tungua lithic) Ha'apai 0 0 3 4 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 vitric, felsitic, microlitic, lathwork
WD_73_15 tpr434 (Tungua lithic) Ha'apai 0 0 3 4 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 microlitic, felsitic, vitric, lathwork
WD_73_16 tpr434 (Tungua lithic) Ha'apai 3 0 3 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 microlitic, lathwork, felsitic, vitric
WD_73_12 tpr433 (Tungua partially pyroxenic) Ha'apai 3 0 3 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 microlitic, vitric, felsitic
WD_73_13 tpr432 (Tungua pyroxenic) Ha'apai 0 0 2 6 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 microlitic, felsitic, vitric
WD_73_14 tpr432 (Tungua pyroxenic) Ha'apai 3 0 2 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 microlitic, felsitic, vitric
WD_75_17 tprx (temporary holding fabric) Tungua 0 0 0 4 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 None
WD_72_8 tpr171 (Rewa Delta orogen) Rewa Delta 0 3 3 2 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 0 felsitic, microlitic, vitric, microphaneritic, quartzite, chert, argilliitic, siltstone
WD_69_37 tpr432 (Tungua pyroxenic) Ha'apai 0 0 2 6 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 microlitic, vitric

WD_73_1

FaleloaFoa_51 FaleloaFoa_51
Sherd 51 from Faleloa (Foa). Slide WD_73_1 from Dickinson Collection, Bishop Museum. x4 Magnification PPL (left) XPL (right). Scale bar: 0.5mm. High resolution image in VIMIPO (user: Guest pwd: Guest). Imaged by K. Hardy and M. Leclerc, ANU.

Lapita sherd. Has orthopyroxene- Pindex 0.85.


WD_73_2

FaleloaFoa_53a FaleloaFoa_53a
Sherd 53a from Faleloa (Foa). Slide WD_73_2 from Dickinson Collection, Bishop Museum. x4 Magnification PPL (left) XPL (right). Scale bar: 0.5mm. High resolution image in VIMIPO (user: Guest pwd: Guest). Imaged by K. Hardy and M. Leclerc, ANU.

Lapita sherd. Py index 0.81.


WD_73_3

FaleloaFoa_58 FaleloaFoa_58
Sherd 58 from Faleloa (Foa). Slide WD_73_3 from Dickinson Collection, Bishop Museum. x4 Magnification PPL (left) XPL (right). Scale bar: 0.5mm. High resolution image in VIMIPO (user: Guest pwd: Guest). Imaged by K. Hardy and M. Leclerc, ANU.

Lapita sherd. P index 0.86.


WD_73_4

FaleloaFoa_96d FaleloaFoa_96d
Sherd 96d from Faleloa (Foa). Slide WD_73_4 from Dickinson Collection, Bishop Museum. x4 Magnification PPL (left) XPL (right). Scale bar: 0.5mm. High resolution image in VIMIPO (user: Guest pwd: Guest). Imaged by K. Hardy and M. Leclerc, ANU.

Lapita sherd. With orthopyroxenes.


WD_73_6

FaleloaFoa_100 FaleloaFoa_100
Sherd 100 from Faleloa (Foa). Slide WD_73_6 from Dickinson Collection, Bishop Museum. x4 Magnification PPL (left) XPL (right). Scale bar: 0.5mm. High resolution image in VIMIPO (user: Guest pwd: Guest). Imaged by K. Hardy and M. Leclerc, ANU.

Lapita sherd. Has orthopyroxene.


WD_73_5

FaleloaFoa_83e FaleloaFoa_83e
Sherd 83e from Faleloa (Foa). Slide WD_73_5 from Dickinson Collection, Bishop Museum. x4 Magnification PPL (left) XPL (right). Scale bar: 0.5mm. High resolution image in VIMIPO (user: Guest pwd: Guest). Imaged by K. Hardy and M. Leclerc, ANU.

Lapita sherd.


WD_73_9

Haano_107 Haano_107
Sherd 107 from Pukotala (Ha’ano). Slide WD_73_9 from Dickinson Collection, Bishop Museum. x4 Magnification PPL (left) XPL (right). Scale bar: 0.5mm. High resolution image in VIMIPO (user: Guest pwd: Guest). Imaged by K. Hardy and M. Leclerc, ANU.

Lapita sherd. Orthopyroxenes present. P index 0.85.


WD_73_10

Haano_112 Haano_112
Sherd 112 from Pukotala (Ha’ano). Slide WD_73_10 from Dickinson Collection, Bishop Museum. x4 Magnification PPL (left) XPL (right). Scale bar: 0.5mm. High resolution image or full slide in VIMIPO (user: Guest pwd: Guest). Imaged by K. Hardy and M. Leclerc, ANU.

Lapita sherd. Has orthopyroxenes. P index 0.86.


WD_73_17

Holopeka_Li1_339C Holopeka_Li1_339C
Sherd 339c from Lifuka (Lifuka). Slide WD_73_17 from Dickinson Collection, Bishop Museum. x4 Magnification PPL (left) XPL (right). Scale bar: 0.5mm. High resolution image in VIMIPO (user: Guest pwd: Guest). Imaged by K. Hardy and M. Leclerc, ANU.

Polynesian plainware. Has orthopyroxene. P index 0.88.


WD_73_18

Holopeka_Ll1_350 Holopeka_Ll1_350
Sherd 350 from Lifuka (Lifuka). Slide WD_73_18 from Dickinson Collection, Bishop Museum. x4 Magnification PPL (left) XPL (right). Scale bar: 0.5mm. High resolution image in VIMIPO (user: Guest pwd: Guest). Imaged by K. Hardy and M. Leclerc, ANU.

Polynesian plainware. Has orthopyroxene. P index 0.9.


WD_73_19

Holopeka_Ll1_339a Holopeka_Ll1_339a
Sherd 339a from Lifuka (Lifuka). Slide WD_73_19 from Dickinson Collection, Bishop Museum. x4 Magnification PPL (left) XPL (right). Scale bar: 0.5mm. High resolution image in VIMIPO (user: Guest pwd: Guest). Imaged by K. Hardy and M. Leclerc, ANU.

Polynesian plainware. Has orthopyroxene. P index 0.9.


WD_73_20

Holopeka_Ll1_994a Holopeka_Ll1_994a
Sherd 994a from Lifuka (Lifuka). Slide WD_73_20 from Dickinson Collection, Bishop Museum. x4 Magnification PPL (left) XPL (right). Scale bar: 0.5mm. High resolution image in VIMIPO (user: Guest pwd: Guest). Imaged by K. Hardy and M. Leclerc, ANU.

Polynesian plainware. Has orthopyroxene. P index 0.88.


WD_73_21

Holopeka_Ll1_323 Holopeka_Ll1_323
Sherd 323 from Lifuka (Lifuka). Slide WD_73_21 from Dickinson Collection, Bishop Museum. x4 Magnification PPL (left) XPL (right). Scale bar: 0.5mm. High resolution image in VIMIPO (user: Guest pwd: Guest). Imaged by K. Hardy and M. Leclerc, ANU.

Polynesian plainware. Has orthopyroxene. P index 0.88.


WD_73_22

Holopeka_Ll1_319 Holopeka_Ll1_319
Sherd 319 from Lifuka (Lifuka). Slide WD_73_22 from Dickinson Collection, Bishop Museum. x4 Magnification PPL (left) XPL (right). Scale bar: 0.5mm. High resolution image or full slide in VIMIPO (user: Guest pwd: Guest). Imaged by K. Hardy and M. Leclerc, ANU.

Polynesian plainware. Has orthopyroxene. P index 0.89.


WD_73_23

Holopeka_Ll1_339b Holopeka_Ll1_339b
Sherd 339b from Lifuka (Lifuka). Slide WD_73_23 from Dickinson Collection, Bishop Museum. x4 Magnification PPL (left) XPL (right). Scale bar: 0.5mm. High resolution image in VIMIPO (user: Guest pwd: Guest). Imaged by K. Hardy and M. Leclerc, ANU.

Polynesian plainware. Has orthopyroxene. P index 0.87.


WD_73_24

Holopeka_Ll1_994b Holopeka_Ll1_994b
Sherd 994b from Lifuka (Lifuka). Slide WD_73_24 from Dickinson Collection, Bishop Museum. x4 Magnification PPL (left) XPL (right). Scale bar: 0.5mm. High resolution image or full slide in VIMIPO (user: Guest pwd: Guest). Imaged by K. Hardy and M. Leclerc, ANU.

Polynesian plainware. Has orthopyroxene. P index 0.86.


WD_73_25

Holopeka_Ll1_426 Holopeka_Ll1_426
Sherd 426 from Lifuka (Lifuka). Slide WD_73_25 from Dickinson Collection, Bishop Museum. x4 Magnification PPL (left) XPL (right). Scale bar: 0.5mm. High resolution image or full slide in VIMIPO (user: Guest pwd: Guest). Imaged by K. Hardy and M. Leclerc, ANU.

Polynesian plainware. Has orthopyroxene. P index 0.86.


WD_69_40

Haapai_VI Haapai_VI
Sherd VI from Lifuka (Lifuka). Slide WD_69_40 from Dickinson Collection, Bishop Museum. x4 Magnification PPL (left) XPL (right). Scale bar: 0.5mm. High resolution image in VIMIPO (user: Guest pwd: Guest). Imaged by K. Hardy and M. Leclerc, ANU.

Calcareous hybrid.


WD_73_7

Uiha_1_13 Uiha_1_13
Sherd 1-13 from Vaipuna (‘Uiha). Slide WD_73_7 from Dickinson Collection, Bishop Museum. x4 Magnification PPL (left) XPL (right). Scale bar: 0.5mm. High resolution image or full slide in VIMIPO (user: Guest pwd: Guest). Imaged by K. Hardy and M. Leclerc, ANU.

Lapita sherd. Has orthopyroxene. Py index 0.82


WD_73_8

Uiha_4_4_14 Uiha_4_4_14
Sherd 4-14 from Vaipuna (‘Uiha). Slide WD_73_8 from Dickinson Collection, Bishop Museum. x4 Magnification PPL (left) XPL (right). Scale bar: 0.5mm. High resolution image in VIMIPO (user: Guest pwd: Guest). Imaged by K. Hardy and M. Leclerc, ANU.

Lapita sherd. Has olivine. Has Py index 0.88.


WD_69_39

Haapai_XVIX Haapai_XVIX
Sherd XIV from Kotu (Kotu). Slide WD_69_39 from Dickinson Collection, Bishop Museum. x4 Magnification PPL (left) XPL (right). Scale bar: 0.5mm. High resolution image or full slide in VIMIPO (user: Guest pwd: Guest). Imaged by K. Hardy and M. Leclerc, ANU.

Lithic.


WD_69_43

Haapai_XII Haapai_XII
Sherd XII from Matuku (Matuku). Slide WD_69_43 from Dickinson Collection, Bishop Museum. x4 Magnification PPL (left) XPL (right). Scale bar: 0.5mm. High resolution image in VIMIPO (user: Guest pwd: Guest). Imaged by K. Hardy and M. Leclerc, ANU.

Pyroxenic temper.


WD_73_11

Tungua_39_1 Tungua_39_1
Sherd 39-1 from Tungua (Tungua). Slide WD_73_11 from Dickinson Collection, Bishop Museum. x4 Magnification PPL (left) XPL (right). Scale bar: 0.5mm. High resolution image or full slide in VIMIPO (user: Guest pwd: Guest). Imaged by K. Hardy and M. Leclerc, ANU.

Lithic.


WD_73_15

Tungua_39_5 Tungua_39_5
Sherd 39-5 from Tungua (Tungua). Slide WD_73_15 from Dickinson Collection, Bishop Museum. x4 Magnification PPL (left) XPL (right). Scale bar: 0.5mm. High resolution image in VIMIPO (user: Guest pwd: Guest). Imaged by K. Hardy and M. Leclerc, ANU.

Lithic.


WD_73_16

Tungua_39_6 Tungua_39_6
Sherd 39-6 from Tungua (Tungua). Slide WD_73_16 from Dickinson Collection, Bishop Museum. x4 Magnification PPL (left) XPL (right). Scale bar: 0.5mm. High resolution image in VIMIPO (user: Guest pwd: Guest). Imaged by K. Hardy and M. Leclerc, ANU.

Lithic.


WD_73_12

Tungua_39_2 Tungua_39_2
Sherd 39-2 from Tungua (Tungua). Slide WD_73_12 from Dickinson Collection, Bishop Museum. x4 Magnification PPL (left) XPL (right). Scale bar: 0.5mm. High resolution image in VIMIPO (user: Guest pwd: Guest). Imaged by K. Hardy and M. Leclerc, ANU.

Intermediate pyroxenic.


WD_73_13

Tungua_39_3 Tungua_39_3
Sherd 39-3 from Tungua (Tungua). Slide WD_73_13 from Dickinson Collection, Bishop Museum. x4 Magnification PPL (left) XPL (right). Scale bar: 0.5mm. High resolution image or full slide in VIMIPO (user: Guest pwd: Guest). Imaged by K. Hardy and M. Leclerc, ANU.

Pyroxenic.


WD_73_14

Tungua_39_4 Tungua_39_4
Sherd 39-4 from Tungua (Tungua). Slide WD_73_14 from Dickinson Collection, Bishop Museum. x4 Magnification PPL (left) XPL (right). Scale bar: 0.5mm. High resolution image in VIMIPO (user: Guest pwd: Guest). Imaged by K. Hardy and M. Leclerc, ANU.

Pyroxenic.


WD_75_17

Tungua_96_10 Tungua_96_10
Sherd Sand_96-10 from Tungua (Tungua). Slide WD_75_17 from Dickinson Collection, Bishop Museum. x4 Magnification PPL (left) XPL (right). Scale bar: 0.5mm. High resolution image in VIMIPO (user: Guest pwd: Guest). Imaged by K. Hardy and M. Leclerc, ANU.

Sand of opaques and pyroxenes.


WD_72_8

Tungua_TON2u Tungua_TON2u
Sherd TON2u from Tungua (Tungua). Slide WD_72_8 from Dickinson Collection, Bishop Museum. x4 Magnification PPL (left) XPL (right). Scale bar: 0.5mm. High resolution image in VIMIPO (user: Guest pwd: Guest). Imaged by K. Hardy and M. Leclerc, ANU.

Exotic Tungua fabric.


WD_69_37

Haapai_XIII Haapai_XIII
Sherd XIII from Tungua (Tungua). Slide WD_69_37 from Dickinson Collection, Bishop Museum. x4 Magnification PPL (left) XPL (right). Scale bar: 0.5mm. High resolution image or full slide in VIMIPO (user: Guest pwd: Guest). Imaged by K. Hardy and M. Leclerc, ANU.

Pyroxenic.


References:

037 Vava'u, Ha'apai, Tongatapu, Tonga 1972 (Dickinson, W.)

Sand Tempers in Indigenous Lapita and Lapitoid Polynesian Plainware and Imported Protohistoric Fijia (Dickinson, W., Shutler, R., Shortland, R., Burley, D.V., Dye, T.S.)

121 Vaipuna, 'Uiha, Ha'apai, Tonga, 1996 (Dickinson, W.)

Archaeological Discoveries on Niuatoputapu Island Tonga (Rodgers, G.)